What to Do If You Receive a Notice to Appear (NTA) in Immigration Court

A Notice to Appear (NTA) is one of the most alarming documents an immigrant can receive. It officially places you in removal proceedings, meaning the U.S. government is starting the deportation process. If you’ve recently received an NTA, this blog breaks down what it means and what steps to take next.

What Is a Notice to Appear?

An NTA is issued by the Department of Homeland Security to initiate a case against you in immigration court. It includes the government’s charges, why they believe you’re removable, and the date and time you are ordered to show up before an immigration judge.

You may receive an NTA if your green card application was denied, if you’re waiting for a pending appeal, or if immigration authorities believe you violated immigration laws. Under recent enforcement policies, even minor issues like overstaying a visa or having a past criminal charge can trigger the issuance of an NTA.

Understanding the NTA Document

Read your NTA carefully. Confirm that your name, address, and alien number (A#) are correct. The first page outlines the charges against you, including how you entered the U.S. and the immigration law section the government believes you violated. Look for the date, time, and location of your first court hearing—this is critical.

Some NTAs may also include additional pages that detail your immigration history, past violations, or aliases. It’s important to understand exactly what DHS is accusing you of, as sometimes errors are made in these documents.

What to Do Next

Once you’ve received an NTA, your top priority is to prepare for your court hearing. Put the hearing on your calendar and do not miss it; failure to appear usually results in an automatic removal order.

Next, hire an immigration attorney immediately. A lawyer can review your case, request your immigration records (FOIA), and advise you on possible defenses. Depending on your situation, you may be eligible for relief such as cancellation of removal, adjustment of status, or asylum.

Some people worry about being arrested at the courthouse, especially in high-enforcement areas. While this fear is understandable, it’s important to know that most people are not arrested at their immigration hearing. If you’re concerned, your lawyer can help you request a video hearing instead.

You can also watch Attorney LaToya McBean Pompy’s YouTube video “Notice to Appear: What to Do Next” for a clear, step-by-step breakdown of how the NTA process works and what actions you should take immediately. In the video, you will learn what the document means, how to read it, and how to protect your rights if you’re placed in removal proceedings.

Final Thoughts

Receiving an NTA is stressful, but it’s not the end of the road. You still have rights, and many people successfully fight their removal cases in court. The key is to act quickly, work with a skilled immigration attorney, and prepare your legal strategy early.

FAQs

Do I have to go to the immigration court hearing listed on the NTA?

Yes. Missing your court date will likely result in a removal order being issued against you. Mark the date, time, and court location as soon as you receive the NTA.

Can I be deported immediately after receiving an NTA?

No. Receiving an NTA begins the removal process, but you still have the right to appear before a judge and present your case with the help of an immigration attorney, and apply for possible relief.

What defenses or options do I have in removal proceedings?

Depending on your situation, you may be eligible for cancellation of removal, asylum, adjustment of status, or another form of relief. An attorney can help you understand your options.

Can I request a video hearing instead of going to court in person?

Yes. If you’re concerned about attending court in person, especially in areas with high enforcement activity, your lawyer may be able to help you request a remote (Webex or video) hearing.